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5 Johnson, D.W. & Johnson, R.T. Learning Together and Alone:  Cooperative, Competitive, and Individualistic Learning. Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon, 1999.

6 Hattie, J. Visible Learning. A Synthesis of Over 800 Meta-Analyses Relating to Achievement. New York, NY: Routledge, 2009.

7 Hattie, J. Visible Learning. A Synthesis of Over 800 Meta-Analyses Relating to Achievement. New York, NY: Routledge, 2009.

8 Hattie, J. Visible Learning. A Synthesis of Over 800 Meta-Analyses Relating to Achievement. New York, NY: Routledge, 2009.

9 Springer, L., Stanne, M.E. & Donovan, S.S. Effects of small-group learning on undergraduates in science, mathematics, engineering, and technology: A meta-analysis.Review of Educational Research, 1999, 69(1), 212-251.

10 Beesley, A.D. & Apthorp, H.S. (Eds.) Classroom Instruction that Works, 2nd Edition Research Report, Mid-continent Research for Education and Learning. Denver, CO: Mid-continent Research for Education and Learning, 2010.

11 Springer, L., Stanne, M.E. & Donovan, S.S. Effects of small-group learning on undergraduates in science, mathematics, engineering, and technology: A meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research, 1999, 69(1), 212-251.

12 Johnson, D.K., & Johnson, R.T. Cooperation and Competition Theory and Research, Edina, MN: Interaction Book Company, 1989.

13 Haydon, T., Maheady, L. & Hunter, W. Effects of numbered heads together on the daily quiz scores and on-task behavior of students with disabilities. Journal of Behavioral Education, 2010, 19, 222–238.

Maheady, L., Michielli-Pendl, J., Harper, G.F. & Mallette, B. The effects of Numbered Heads Together with and without an incentive package on the science test performance of a diverse group of sixth graders. Journal of Behavioral Education, 2006, 15(1), 24-38.

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Maheady, L., Michielli-Pendl, J., Mallette, B. & Harper, G.F. A collaborate research project to improve the academic performance of a diverse sixth grade class.Teacher Education and Special Education, 2002, 25(1), 55–70.

14 Kagan, S. & Kagan, M. Kagan Cooperative Learning. San Clemente, CA: San Clemente, CA: Kagan Publishing, 2009.

15 Randolph, J. J. (2007). Meta-analysis of the research on response cards: Effects on test achievement, quiz achievement, participation, and off-task behavior. Journal of Positive Behavioral Interventions, 9, 113-128.

Gardner, III.R., Heward, W.L. & Grossi, T.A. Effects of response cards on student participation and academic achievement: A systematic replication with inner-city students during whole-class science instruction. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1994, 27(1), 63-71.

16 Haydon, T., Maheady, L. & Hunter, W. Effects of numbered heads together on the daily quiz scores and on-task behavior of students with disabilities. Journal of Behavioral Education, 2010, 19, 222–238.

17 Haydon, T., Maheady, L. & Hunter, W. Effects of numbered heads together on the daily quiz scores and on-task behavior of students with disabilities. Journal of Behavioral Education, 2010, 19, 222–238.

18 Maheady, L., Michielli-Pendl, J., Harper, G.F. & Mallette, B. The effects of Numbered Heads Together with and without an incentive package on the science test performance of a diverse group of sixth graders. Journal of Behavioral Education, 2006, 15(1), 24-38.

19 Maheady, L., Michielli-Pendl, J., Harper, G.F. & Mallette, B. The effects of Numbered Heads Together with and without an incentive package on the science test performance of a diverse group of sixth graders. Journal of Behavioral Education, 2006, 15(1), 24-38.

20 Maheady, L., Michielli-Pendl, J., Mallette, B. & Harper, G.F. A collaborate research project to improve the academic performance of a diverse sixth grade class. Teacher Education and Special Education, 2002, 25(1), 55–70.

21 Maheady, L., Michielli-Pendl, J., Mallette, B. & Harper, G.F. A collaborate research project to improve the academic performance of a diverse sixth grade class.Teacher Education and Special Education, 2002, 25(1), 55–70.

22 Maheady, L., Mallette, B., Harper, G.F. & Sacca, K. Heads together: A peer-mediated option for improving the academic achievement of heterogeneous learning groups. Remedial and Special Education, 1991, 12(2), 25–33.

23 Maheady, L., Harper, G.F. & Mallette, B. The effects of Numbered Heads Together with and without an incentive package on the science test performance of a diverse group of sixth graders. Journal of Behavioral Education, 2006, 15, 24-38.

24 Maheady, L., Mallette, B., Harper, G.F. & Sacca, K. Heads Together: A peer-mediated option for improving the academic achievement of heterogeneous learning groups. Remedial and Special Education, 1991, 12(2), 25–33.

25 Slavin, R., Sharan, S. Kagan, S., Hertz-Lazarowitz, R., Webb, C. & Schmuck, R. (Eds.) Learning to Cooperate, Cooperating to Learn. New York, NY: Plenum, 1985.

Kagan, S. Kagan Cooperative Learning Structures. San Clemente, CA: Kagan Publishing, 2013.

26 Hattie, J. Visible Learning. A Synthesis of Over 800 Meta-Analyses Relating to Achievement. New York, NY: Routledge, 2009.

27 Hattie, J. Visible Learning. A Synthesis of Over 800 Meta-Analyses Relating to Achievement. New York, NY: Routledge, 2009.

28 Hattie, J. Visible Learning. A Synthesis of Over 800 Meta-Analyses Relating to Achievement. New York, NY: Routledge, 2009.

29 Lee, D. Mills Hill School – A Journey Towards Success. San Clemente, CA: Kagan Publishing. Kagan Online Magazine, Fall 2009. www.KaganOnline.com

30 Hattie, J. Visible Learning. A Synthesis of Over 800 Meta-Analyses Relating to Achievement. New York, NY: Routledge, 2009.

31 Slavin, R., Sharan, S. Kagan, S., Hertz-Lazarowitz, R., Webb, C. & Schmuck, R. (Eds). Learning to Cooperate, Cooperating to Learn. New York, NY: Plenum, 1985.

Magnesio, S. & Davis, B. A teacher fosters social competence with cooperative learning. Childhood Education, 2010, 86(4), 216-223.

Howard, B. Cooperative Learning Structures Improve Performance and Attitude of High School Journalism Students. San Clemente, CA: Kagan Publishing. Kagan Online Magazine, Spring 2006. www.KaganOnline.com

Lee, D. Mills Hill School – A Journey Towards Success. San Clemente, CA: Kagan Publishing. Kagan Online Magazine, Fall 2009. www.KaganOnline.com

32 Hattie, J. Visible Learning. A Synthesis of Over 800 Meta-Analyses Relating to Achievement. New York, NY: Routledge, 2009.

33 Kagan, S. & Kagan, M. Kagan Cooperative Learning. San Clemente, CA: San Clemente, CA: Kagan Publishing, 2009.

34 Kagan, S. & Kagan, M. Kagan Cooperative Learning. San Clemente, CA: San Clemente, CA: Kagan Publishing, 2009.

35 Slavin, R.E. Using Student Team Learning. Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins Team Learning Project, 1980. Also available as Student-team learning: A manual for teachers. In S. Sharan, A.P. Hare, C.D. Webb & R. Hertz-Lazarowitz (Eds.), Cooperation in Education. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University Press, 1980.

36 Johnson, D.W. & Johnson, R.T. Learning together and alone. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1975.

37 Aronson, E. The Jigsaw Classroom. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1978.

38 Kagan, S. Co-op Co-op: A flexible cooperative learning technique. In R.E. Slavin, S. Sharan, S. Kagan, R. Hertz-Lazarowitz, C. Webb & R. Schmuck (Eds.), Learning to Cooperate, Cooperating to Learn. New York, NY: Plenum Press, 1985.

39 Sharan, S. & Hertz-Lazarowitz, R. A group investigation method of cooperative learning in the classroom. In S. Sharan, P. Hare, C.D. Webb & R. Hertz-Lazarowitz (Eds.), Cooperation in Education. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University Press, 1980.

40 Springer, L., Stanne, M.E. & Donovan, S.S. Effects of small-group learning on undergraduates in science, mathematics, engineering, and technology: A meta-analysis.Review of Educational Research, 1999, 69(1), 212-251.

41 http://www.kaganonline.com/free_articles/research_and_rationale/

42 Kagan, S. Kagan Cooperative Learning Structures. San Clemente, CA: Kagan Publishing, 2013.